The closest that anyone has ever come to creating
a widely-accepted list of Jewish beliefs is Rambam's thirteen principles of
faith. These principles, which Rambam thought were the minimum requirements of
Jewish belief, are:
- The belief in the existence of the God, the Creator.
- The belief in God's absolute and unparalleled unity.
- The belief that God is incorporeal. God will not be affected by any physical occurrences, such as movement, or rest, or dwelling.
- The belief that God is eternal.
- The imperative to worship God and no false gods; all prayer should be directed only to God.
- The belief that God communicates with man through prophecy and that this prophecy is true.
- The belief in the primacy of the prophecy of Moses our teacher.
- The belief in the divine origin of the Torah -- both the Written and the Oral (Talmud).
- The belief in the immutability of the Torah.
- The belief in God's omniscience and providence, that God knows the thoughts and deeds of man.
- The belief in divine reward and retribution.
- The belief in the arrival of the Messiah and the messianic era.
- The belief in the resurrection of the dead.
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